Hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive gynaecological procedure used to examine the inside of the uterus. It allows the gynaecologist to directly view the uterine cavity using a thin, lighted instrument called a hysteroscope.
Hysteroscopy can be used for both diagnosis and treatment of several conditions affecting the uterus. It can help identify the cause of abnormal bleeding, evaluate problems affecting fertility and treat certain conditions without the need for a large abdominal incision.
During hysteroscopy, a thin telescope-like instrument called a hysteroscope is gently passed through the vagina and cervix into the uterus. A camera attached to the hysteroscope allows the doctor to see the inside of the uterine cavity on a monitor.
Depending on the purpose of the procedure, small instruments may also be passed through the hysteroscope to perform treatment during the same procedure.
Your gynaecologist may recommend hysteroscopy when symptoms, examination or imaging suggest a problem inside the uterus. Common reasons include:
Diagnostic hysteroscopy is performed to examine the inside of the uterus and identify abnormalities that may not be fully explained by other investigations.
It can provide direct visual information about the uterine cavity and may be used when ultrasound or other investigations indicate a possible abnormality.
When a condition requiring treatment is identified, operative hysteroscopy may allow the doctor to treat it during the same procedure, depending on the patient's condition and the findings.
Procedures that may be performed hysteroscopically include:
Problems inside the uterine cavity can sometimes contribute to difficulty conceiving or recurrent pregnancy loss. Hysteroscopy may be recommended in selected patients when an intrauterine abnormality is suspected.
If a condition such as a polyp, certain fibroids or adhesions is identified, appropriate treatment can sometimes be performed hysteroscopically.
The procedure is performed by passing the hysteroscope through the vagina and cervix into the uterus. The uterine cavity is gently expanded using a suitable fluid so that the doctor can clearly examine the uterine lining and cavity.
If treatment is required, specialised instruments can be introduced through the hysteroscope to perform the planned procedure.
The type of anaesthesia or pain control depends on the particular procedure, the patient's health and the treatment being performed.
When appropriate for the patient's condition, hysteroscopy offers several advantages over procedures requiring abdominal access.
Recovery depends on whether the procedure was diagnostic or operative and on the type of treatment performed. Many hysteroscopic procedures allow relatively quick recovery.
Mild cramping or light vaginal bleeding may occur after the procedure. Your doctor will provide specific instructions regarding medicines, activity, intercourse and follow-up based on your procedure.
If you have persistent abnormal bleeding, suspected uterine polyps or fibroids, infertility-related concerns, recurrent pregnancy loss or another suspected abnormality inside the uterus, your gynaecologist may recommend further evaluation and determine whether hysteroscopy is appropriate.
The need for hysteroscopy depends on your symptoms, medical history and findings from other investigations.
Consult Dr. Gursimran Kaur for evaluation of abnormal bleeding, uterine cavity problems, infertility-related concerns and other gynaecological conditions where hysteroscopy may be appropriate.
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